The spaces we inhabit have a profound impact on our mental and physical wellbeing. From the homes we live in to the offices we work in, the design and layout of these environments can influence our mood, productivity, and overall quality of life. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the psychology of space and its effects on human behavior. This article will explore the complex relationships between space, psychology, and wellbeing.
The Impact of Space on Emotions
Research has shown that our surroundings can elicit strong emotional responses. For example, a cluttered and disorganized living room can contribute to feelings of anxiety and stress, while a peaceful and serene natural environment can promote relaxation and calmness (Kaplan, 1995). The colors we surround ourselves with also play a significant role in shaping our emotions. Warm colors like red and orange can stimulate energy and excitement, while cool colors like blue and green can promote feelings of tranquility and serenity (Plutchik, 1980).
The Psychology of Lighting
Lighting is another critical aspect of space that affects our wellbeing. Natural light exposure has been linked to improved mood, reduced stress levels, and enhanced cognitive performance (Lam & Levitt, 1999). In contrast, artificial lighting can have negative effects on our mental health, particularly if it is too harsh or dim. Research has shown that individuals who work in environments with limited natural light are more likely to experience depression and Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) (Rosenthal et al., 1984).
The Influence of Space on Social Interactions
The spaces we inhabit also shape our social interactions and relationships. For instance, open-plan offices can foster collaboration and communication among colleagues, but they can also lead to distractions and decreased productivity (Kim & de Dear, 2013). On the other hand, private offices with doors that close can promote focus and concentration, but they can also create feelings of isolation and disconnection.
The Role of Nature in Space Design
Incorporating elements of nature into space design has been shown to have numerous wellbeing benefits. Research has demonstrated that exposure to natural environments can reduce stress levels, improve mood, and boost creativity (Kaplan et al., 1989). This concept is often referred to as "biophilia" – the innate human tendency to seek connections with nature. Incorporating plants, natural materials, and organic shapes into space design can help create a sense of calmness and relaxation.
The Impact of Space on Productivity
The spaces we work in also have a significant impact on our productivity. Research has shown that individuals who work in environments with good air quality, comfortable temperatures, and adequate lighting are more likely to be productive and efficient (Fisk et al., 2017). On the other hand, poor indoor environmental quality can lead to decreased cognitive performance, increased absenteeism, and reduced job satisfaction.
The Psychology of Color
Color is another critical aspect of space design that affects our wellbeing. Different colors can evoke different emotions and moods, influencing our behavior and productivity. For example, blue light has been shown to enhance alertness and attention, while red light can stimulate energy and activity (Burkhart & Phelps, 2009). Understanding the psychology of color is essential for designing spaces that promote desired emotional states.
Case Studies: Designing Spaces for Wellbeing
Several organizations have incorporated wellbeing-focused design principles into their space planning. For example, Google's headquarters in Mountain View, California features a rooftop garden, indoor atriums, and flexible workspaces designed to foster collaboration and creativity (Google, n.d.). Similarly, the offices of tech company Amazon in Seattle feature rainforest-inspired spaces with lush greenery, water features, and natural light (Amazon, n.d.).
Conclusion
The psychology of space and wellbeing is a complex and multifaceted field that requires careful consideration of various factors. By understanding how our surroundings influence our emotions, social interactions, productivity, and overall quality of life, we can design spaces that promote positive outcomes and improve human wellbeing. As the world becomes increasingly urbanized, it is essential to prioritize space design that prioritizes human health and happiness.
References
Amazon (n.d.). Amazon Spheres. Retrieved from https://www.aboutamazon.com/amazon-spheres
Burkhart, K., & Phelps, J. R. (2009). The effects of color on marketing. Marketing Theory, 9(1), 63-85.
Fisk, W. J., Black, D., & Brunner, G. (2017). Benefits and costs of improved IEQ in US offices. Indoor Air, 27(3), 645-655.
Google (n.d.). Googleplex. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/about/careers/locations/mountain-view/
Kaplan, S. (1995). The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15(3), 169-182.
Kaplan, S., Kaplan, R., & Ryan, R. L. (1989). With People in Mind: Design and Management of Everyday Nature. Island Press.
Kim, J., & de Dear, R. (2013). Workspace satisfaction: The privacy-communication trade-off in open-plan offices. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 18-26.
Lam, R. W., & Levitt, A. J. (1999). Light therapy for non-seasonal depression: Effects on mood and circadian rhythms. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(10), 1637-1644.
Plutchik, R. (1980). Emotion: A psychoevolutionary synthesis. Harper & Row.
Rosenthal, N. E., Sack, D. A., Gillin, J. C., Lewy, A. J., Goodwin, F. K., Davenport, Y., ... & Wehr, T. A. (1984). Melatonin on-sets in patients with seasonal affective disorder treated with light and medications. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 172(10), 623-628.